The article contains a detailed analysis of the topic "Inequality in the era of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development", as considered during the 74th session of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) which was held from 11 to 16 May 2018 at the United Nations Conference Centre in Bangkok. Special attention is paid to the fundamental nature of this topic, as evidenced by the debates dedicated to it, to the specificity of ESCAP as a regional diplomatic forum, as well as to potential solutions and realistic prospects in dealing with inequalities at the national and global levels.