Browsing by Author "Blauw, Jon"
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ItemA causal model of the direct and indirect impact of insecure attachment styles on romantic relationship satisfaction mediated by emotion regulation strategies and psychological distress(Digital Production Press, Assumption University, 2015) Saovanee Noppaprach ; Blauw, Jon ; Arunya TuicomepeeInfluences of emotion regulation strategies (i.e. cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) and psychological distress were analyzed along direct and indirect association of insecure attachment styles (i.e., anxiety, avoidance) and romantic relationship satisfaction. N = 1,033 Thai adult participants who presently residing or working in Bangkok and being in romantic relationship were studied. Their age ranged from 18 to 60 years old (mean age 33.40, SD 10.72). Thai-translated versions of the instruments Experiences in Close Relationship Scale-Short Form (ECR-S), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Outcome Questionnaire (OQ), and Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) were used when collecting data and had achieved sound psychometric properties (i.e. reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity). Study of Path analysis upon SEM revealed that insecure attachment styles affected psychological distress and reduced romantic relationship satisfaction. Also, cognitive reappraisal was found to indirectly affect relationship satisfaction with distress cutback, and that expressive suppression could cushion insecure attachment and safeguard the relationship, despite a distress backfire.
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ItemEMPOWERING YOUTH: PROMOTING SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING AMONG THAI ADOLESCENTS OF LOW SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS THROUGH POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY INTERVENTIONThis quiz-experimental study examined the effectiveness of a 10-hour workshop-based intervention program that incorporated positive psychology strategies. Participants in the study included 72 Thai adolescents age 14 to 17 years with low socioeconomic status from four Fai-Fah centers, two of which were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: (1) the Positive Empowerment for Adolescents (PEA) group or (2) the expressive writing and reading control group. PEA is a series of positive psychology interventions including character strength enhancement, goal setting, problem solving skills, and gratitude journaling and letter writing. Data were collected on participants at pre-and-post intervention including self-report measures of life satisfaction, positive affect ratio, self-efficacy, and perceived social support, by using Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (BMLSS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (PANAS-C), Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C), and Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale (CASSS) respectively. The results suggested that the PEA intervention program had a significant effect on the level of self-efficacy and perceived social support, although there were no significant effects on positive affect ratio. Surprisingly, the control group subjects showed a significantly higher level of life satisfaction than the experimental group. Integration of the expressive writing and reading found to be effective at raising life satisfaction from the control group, as well as elements of traditional Thai cultural practices such as meditation are recommended to help strengthen the PEA intervention program.
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ItemThe influence of goal striving and self-efficacy on life satisfaction, mediated by hope, among Thai working personsThis investigation attempted to examine the influence of goal striving and self-efficacy on life satisfaction, being mediated by hope, among Thai working persons. Data were collected from 523 working persons in the Bangkok area. A self-administered survey questionnaire in Thai was employed for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of the following: a researcher-constructed set of questions to elicit demographic information, the Goal Striving Scale (GSS) to measure the level of goal attainment in various areas of life, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) to measure optimistic self-belief or self-efficacy, the Adult Trait Hope Scale (ATHS) to measure the global concept of hope, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) to measure global cognitive judgments of satisfaction with one's life. The results of Study I revealed that the Thai versions of the GSS, GSE, ATHS, and SWLS are psychometrically sound and, therefore, reliable and valid for use with Thai participants. In Study II, the fully identified path model demonstrated that both goal striving and self-efficacy have indirect significant influence on the criterion variable of hope and, subsequently, effected a higher level of life satisfaction, whereas only goal striving has direct positive influence on life satisfaction. It was also found that the full indirect model best explains the interrelationships among the core variables.
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ItemThe influence of materialism on well-being among Thai adolescentsThis investigation attempted to examine the influence of materialism on well-being, mediated by gratitude, anxiety, and depression among Thai adolescents. Operationally, well-being encompassed the factors of academic performance, social integration, and life satisfaction. Data were collected from 1,200 university students in the Bangkok area. A self-administered survey questionnaire in Thai was employed for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of the following: a researcher-constructed set of questions to elicit demographic information, the Material Values Scale (MVS) to measure materialism, the Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6) to measure gratitude, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to measure anxiety, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) to measure depression, the Engaged Living in Youth Scale (ELYS) to measure social integration, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) to measure life satisfaction. The findings of Study 1 revealed that the Thai versions of the GQ-6 and the ELYS are psychometrically sound and, therefore, reliable and valid for use with Thai participants. Study 2 demonstrated the indirect negative influence of materialism on well-being, being mediated by gratitude, anxiety, and depression, nonsignificant correlation between materialism and gratitude, direct negative influence of materialism on well-being, and identified the full-direct model as the model that best explains the interrelationships among the core variables.
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ItemRELATIONSHIPS AMONG PERCEIVED STRESS, SPOUSAL SUPPORT, EMOTION REGULATION, SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING, AND MARITAL SATISFACTION OF THAI FIRST-TIME PARENTS(Digital Production Press, Assumption University, 2017) Juntita Watcharakitippong ; Blauw, Jon ; Arunya TuicomepeeParenthood is new to first-time parents. While it brings excitement, hope, and joy, being a parent for the first time also brings stress and challenges as a result of the new roles and responsibilities that ‘first-timers’ have to confront during the early years of being parents. The current investigation attempted to examine the direct and indirect influences of perceived stress and spousal support on marital satisfaction, being mediated by emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) and subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect, life satisfaction) among Thai first-time parents. In Study I and II, a total of 559 first-time parents with one child (or twin) aged no more than two years-old and living in Bangkok and suburbs participated. They were asked to complete a set of survey questionnaires in Thai, consisting of a demographic section, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support-Significant Others subscale, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Couples Satisfaction Index. The results revealed that the ‘direct’ path model is significantly better fitting and more parsimonious than the indirect or full path models, and that the structural path relationships of the ‘full’ path model between the variables operated differently for first-time fathers and mothers. Additionally, emotion regulation played different roles between fathers and mothers.
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ItemA STUDY OF THE DIRECT AND INDIRECT RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ONLINE DISINHIBITION AND DEPRESSION AND STRESS BEING MEDIATED BY THE FREQUENCY OF CYBERBULLYING FROM VICTIM AND PERPETRATOR PERSPECTIVESThis study attempted to investigate the direct and indirect influences of online disinhibition effect on university students’ levels of depression and stress, being mediated by their reported frequency of cyberbullying as victim and perpetrator. A total of 217 students completed a survey questionnaire consisting of a demographics section, the Online Disinhibition Scale (Udris, 2014) to measure benign online disinhibition and toxic online disinhibition, the Cyberbullying Scale (Patchin & Hinduja, 2010) to measure cyberbullying as victim and perpetrator, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) to measure depression and stress levels. Results revealed that the participants’ reported mean score of benign online disinhibition (i.e., helpful and prosocial behaviors) was higher than that of toxic online disinhibition (i.e., hurtful and denigrating behaviors). Results of path analysis showed that the participants’ reported level of toxic online disinhibition has both direct and indirect influences on their reported levels of depression and stress. In terms of direct influence, it was found that the higher the participants’ reported level of toxic online disinhibition, the higher their reported levels of depression and stress. The results also showed that in terms of indirect influence, the higher the participants’ reported level of toxic online disinhibition, the more they reported themselves as being victims of cyberbullying and, subsequently, the higher their reported levels of depression and stress. The participants’ reported level of benign online disinhibition was not found to be significantly associated with their reported levels of depression and stress, either directly or indirectly.
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ItemThe use of a motivational interviewing instrument to enhance academic self-efficacy and academic motivation of undergraduate students at Assumption UniversityThe efficacy of the Brief Academic Motivational Instrument (BAMI) as an intervention in enhancing the academic self-efficacy and academic motivation of university students was tested. The BAMI is a paper based semi-structural Motivational Interviewing (MI) tool that aims to increase student motivation to change studying habits. Participants consisted of 40 undergraduate students, their age ranged from 18 to 32 years old (mean age 21.23), recruited through convenience sampling at Assumption University, Thailand. Participants were randomly assigned to the BAMI experimental group (n=20) and the non-intervention control group (n=20). All participants completed pre and post questionnaires, which the participants self-reported their academic self-efficacy and academic motivation. The investigator went through the BAMI with the experimental group participants after the pretest. All posttests were collected via internet survey 10 days after the pretest. MANOVA for repeated measures analysis was conducted to test the efficacy of the BAMI intervention against a no intervention control group. The results indicated there were no significant differences in academic self-efficacy and academic motivation between the experimental and control group at the posttest, suggesting that the BAMI intervention was ineffective. The insignificant results could be influenced by the timing of the data collection, nature of the sample population, cultural differences, prescreening ineffectiveness, the small sample size and possible language concerns. Further research needs to be conducted in order to further evaluate the effectiveness of the BAMI or similar devices for increasing academic self-efficacy and academic motivation.