Browsing by Author "Malik, Mohammad Manzoor"
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ItemAnalysis of freedom and thought in descartes' philosophy and its influenceThe search for truth and certainty is a major preoccupation with all Western philosophy. This has its most famous attempt in the philosophy of Descartes. This paper studies Descartes’ pure philosophy considered as a pure first philosophy. Descartes regards thinking as his core existence, and thinking is a freedom that I can truly grasp. Descartes is sometimes criticized for offering only a defense of the primacy of the freedom of thought in opposition to the freedom of action. This paper will show that Descartes does not oppose practical philosophy but intends to seek a metaphilosophy which supports practical philosophy, using the freedom of thinking as the foundation. In short, Descartes just wants to find a way of verifying truth prior to any political, cultural, traditional, moral, or religious factors. His influence is visible in the subsequent philosophies and philosophers who place the human beings at the center of philosophy.
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ItemThe concept of non-self in theravada buddhism and its relation to human behaviorAnatta or non-self is one of the most important concepts in Theravada Buddhism. Anatta’s main objective is to show that none of the five forms of self exists, and also none of the five aggregates be linked to the self. This realization concerning Anatta is devised to have a positive effect on how a follower of Buddhism experiences the world and alleviates suffering. This paper extends the concept of Anatta to contemporary society to understand how it can contribute to the improvement of human behavior and psychotherapy. This includes the fostering of mindfulness to develop empathy and create a therapeutic nexus between the patient and the therapist. It also provides techniques for coping with stress, and can act as a foundational basis for ethical and behavior and mollify the relentless pursuit of one’s desires. Furthermore, it offers insights into Western psychology constructs and how to correct its weaknesses which are often focused too closely on the idea of the self.
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ItemThe important role of the separation of church and state in last generation theology for seventh-day adventistsThis paper takes a contemporary look at the discussion and analysis of the concept of separation of church and state from a Seventh-day Adventist perspective. The separation of church and state means that the government should not enforce any specific religion on the population, and should not prohibit the population to follow any specific religion. The separation of church and state can clearly be seen in the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. Philosophers like Locke strongly opposed the combination of church and state, and during the Dark Ages, where the church largely controlled the state, we can see how many people were killed by the Roman Catholic Church and its subsidiaries for following their consciences. History has shown us that in countries where religion and state has not been kept separate, there is persecution of the masses. The Bible, and Seventh-day Adventist Christian authors like Alonzo Jones and Ellen White, completely reject the idea of the state wanting to enforce religious rules on their people. These authors believed in the central idea of Last Generation Theology, which is that the last generation of Christians who are alive when Christ returns will live lives completely free from sin. In order to be encouraged Prajñā Vihāra Vol. 23 no. 1 January to June 2022, 109-121 © 2000 by Assumption University Press 110 Prajñā Vihāra Vol. 23 no. 1 January to June 2022 to be completely obedient to God in all areas that He requires, it is crucial to have the freedom to follow your conscience without the interference of the civil authority. The combination of church and state therefore seems to play a major role in the eschatology of Christianity as it relates to Last Generation Theology.