Browsing by Author "Vorapot Ruckthum"
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ItemAn exploration of problem-solving style through the lens of psychological climate, cognitive style and idea style measuresThere is a growing interest in a more inclusive conception of the activity of the ‘change process’ (person, product, process and press) particularly the aspects of the creative sub-process concerned with person and product. The variables Cognitive style and Idea style, have a common heritage that is rooted in a dichotomy concerned at one end with ‘adaption’ (improvements) while at the other end with ‘innovation’ (novelty). These characteristics have been used to describe the ‘creative concept’ where to date the emphasis has been on the pole concerned with ‘innovation continuum’. The pole is hence also concerned with adaption, but while the pole being a necessary and central aspect of both variables has nevertheless received relatively little attention. In this study, the primary objective was therefore to evaluate the coherence of Kirton’s ‘cognitive style’ measure of adaptive – innovative behavioural preferences with the measures of Idea styles. Therefore, another related objective was to evaluate the relationship between the cognitive style and ‘psychological climate’, consisting of ideas generated and problems identified as sub-components. The results show the ‘innovative pole’ of cognitive style is significantly related to both innovative idea style and the quantity of ideas generated (it is also explicitly supported by the facets of the personality variable ‘openness’). However, while a negative relationship between cognitive style and the adaptive style of ideas is a central aspect of Kirton’s cognitive style theory, no significant negative relationship was found. Instead, the adaptive style of ideas has a positive relationship to a factor within the measure of psychological climate or ‘the opportunity to contribute to change’. These findings position Kirton’s cognitive style measure as primarily in the domain of ‘personality’ and only partially coherent with the domain of ‘idea style’ the latter a carrier, rather than ‘a component of style’. Furthermore, while the variables of cognitive style and psychological climate show no significant relationship, they provide differential support to the ‘first two stages’ of the change process.
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ItemCoaching to enhance Thai forensic police officer's self-efficacy, meaningful work, and job crafting: a case study of the office of police forensic scienceFor the past two decades, forensic science has been playing essential role in criminal investigation in Thailand. It has been praised as a game changer for criminal justice. The work of Thai forensic police officers has profoundly altered how police investigated crimes since it can provide evidence for answering crucial questions like Who? What? When? Where? Why? and How? more objectively and expeditiously among other available tools. Unfortunately, due to the nature of the behind-the-scenes type of work, Thai forensic police officers perceive themselves as just scientists working in some backroom laboratory who has no real influence nor decision making power in the overall investigation process. Thus, this study aims to explore these issues in the hope of enhancing the Thai forensic police officers’ (FPO) self-efficacy (SE), meaningful work (MW), and job crafting (JC). The study applied self-efficacy theory, meaning in work based on job characteristics theory and job crafting model as the theoretical framework. Three hypotheses were derived to evaluate significant difference between Pre-ODI and Post-ODI based on self-efficacy, meaningful work, and job crafting. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and used for analysis. They were obtained from 30 forensic police officers from eight different functions stationed in ten provinces using stratified sampling technique. Organization development interventions (ODI) were executed over the period of two months using individual coaching techniques, and questionnaires and interviews as instruments. Reflexive thematic analysis paired samples t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were chosen to analyze the data. Findings revealed that self-efficacy and meaningful work showed significant differences after the coaching intervention, whereas job crafting failed to exhibit any statistical significance.
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ItemCreative problem-solving in countries east and west: some organizational implications( 2019) Clapp, Ray ; Vorapot RuckthumCreativity and creative problem-solving are supported by two different cognitive styles, one concerned with adaption (doing things better), and the other with innovation (doing things differently). The current preoccupation with innovation would appear to favour western countries where a more innovative cultural bias exists. Furthermore, countries from the East would appear disadvantaged due to a similar bias towards adaption. However, organisations to sustain success need a diversity of style irrespective of the significance of any social or organisational leadership bias towards a single style. The pursuit of a dominant single style, be it adaption or innovation, leads to a diminishing organisational performance albeit by different routes.
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ItemThe cross-cultural use of the Kirton adaption-innovation inventory: a further exploration( 2017) Clapp, Ray ; Vorapot RuckthumEnglish language measures such as the bipolar scale of cognitive style (Kirton, 2005) are not easily understood by people within diverse cultures and languages where English is spoken as a second language. Particularly the scoring of opposites when many items represent each end of the dimensional continuum and where items that represent one of the poles are reverse scored to produce the final score. Understanding can be improved by using a translation of item meaning into the target language. However, a more efficient method is the use of items with bipolar scoring scales to resolve the problem of accurate recognition and scoring of opposites while at the same time eliminating the scoring anchor and any associated social desirability contamination.
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ItemAn evaluation of the relationships between psychological climate and the styles of cognitive preference and manifest ideas( 2017) Clapp, Ray ; Vorapot RuckthumThis study challenges the assumption that the bipolar characteristics of adaption and innovation associated with individual cognitive style preferences directly characterise the content of manifest ideas and in turn the characteristics of organisational change. The findings show psychological climate (in support of the organisational change process) used in this study is significantly related to ideas with adaptive characteristics, but less so to those with innovative characteristics. Furthermore, cognitive style is significantly related to the characteristics of innovative ideas but much less so to adaptive ideas. These two relationships show how the bi-polar characteristics of the Adaptive -Innovative continuum fits with the two characteristics of the manifest ideas where the latter appears as independent. However, while cognitive style and psychological climate have significant relationships with both styles of ideas, climate dominates for ideas with adaptive characteristics, and cognitive style dominates for ideas with innovative characteristics. The lack of a relationship between psychological climate and cognitive style suggests that psychological climate and cognitive style can be considered as independent predictors of adaptive and innovative idea characteristics respectively.
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ItemAn exploration of the factors concerned with reducing the use of plastic carrier bags in Bangkok, ThailandThis research is an exploratory study to examine the attitude of people in Bangkok, Thailand, towards the reduction in use of plastic shopping bags. The research objective is to provide recommendations for policymakers as well as stakeholders in the public and private sector as to how plastic bag use may be effectively reduced. Key findings are that the four factors of the independent variable 'Use of plastic bags in Bangkok' and four of the demographic variables Gender, Nationality, Age, and Occupation are all significantly related to the dependent variable 'Intention to reduce the use of plastic bags'. Additionally, the study shows that regulatory measures like a plastic bag charge may initially reduce the use of plastic bags; however, the effect may only be short-term due to the minimal cost of the bag compared to the cost of items purchased. A number of alternatives are considered such as the substitution of engineered recycled paper containers and bags. however, the main long-term solution is seen as the promotion of a concern for the environment via waste control and recycling as a personal issue (particularly among children) leading to cultural adjustment rather than promotion of any particular project.
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ItemUsing large scale individual creativity to improve organisational efficiency( 2016) Vorapot RuckthumThis study reviews the outcomes from six similar organisational interventions two from the USA, three from the UK (one using Appreciative Inquiry) and one from Romania. By way of an illustration the process used by one of the interventions (Clapp, 1991) is described in detail. This process uses a well-defined problem to elicit potential solutions from people working in the organisation who have knowledge of the problem area. The results are compared with the five other interventions that use a similar process. The results show that given a supportive environment and a clear objective most people will engage in a problem-solving exercise and generate many ideas, the bulk of which are set within the current context. The number of ideas generated per person ranged between 1.33 and 1.53. Whereas for the project that used Appreciative Inquiry the number of ideas generated per person was 2.3. The average value of the savings from the ideas of each project ranged between £3.44K and £6.88K. these studies provide support for the theory that all people are creative problem-solvers given the opportunity to become active participants (Kirton 2003). Furthermore, to make use of this creativity in an organisation, managers have to provide a setting that will support and motivate individuals to focus their potential on a target of organisational importance.