Scholar: Vol. 12, No. 1 (2020)
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ItemA qualitative case study on the challenges of ACS wASC accreditation preparation in King Mongkut's International Demonstration SchoolThe aim of this research study was to identify the challenges of King Mongkut’s International Demonstration School (KMIDS) on the Accrediting Commission for Schools, Western Association of Schools and Colleges (ACS WASC) accreditation preparation, from the perspective of school administrators, school supervisor, ACS WASC coordinators and teachers. For this purpose, the researchers built and implemented an in-depth, structured interview protocol, which was conducted one-on-one with 17 participants. Member-checking and triangulation techniques were used in combination with notes from the observations and document reviews in order to ensure internal validity. The researchers applied a systematic qualitative design, consisting of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, to analyze and interpret the collected data. Such inductive and deductive qualitative process led to the identification of 14 themes and 24 sub-themes oriented around the six categories of ACS WASC initial visit framework. Regarding “Organization for student learning”, there were four main challenges and eight sub-challenges found. Regarding “Curriculum, instruction and assessment”, there were two main challenges and six subchallenges found. Regarding “Support for student personal and academic growth”, there were two main challenges and two sub-challenges found. Regarding “Resource management and development”, there were one challenge and two sub-challenges found. Regarding “ONESQA standards for Thai language and Thai studies”, there were two main challenges and two sub-challenges found. Regarding “Boarding program”, there were three challenges found. Finally, recommendations for different stakeholders in relation to the six categories of ACS WASC initial visit framework, as well as for future researchers, are presented.
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ItemThe relationship between teachers' perceptions towards Human Resource Management and School Climate at Myint-Mo Education Foundation (MEF) in MyanmarThis study was to investigate the significant relationship between teachers’ perceptions towards Human Resource Management and School Climate. The study conducted 60 full-time teachers based on their perceptions to discover the research findings in 2018-2019 academic year. This study focused on three objectives were to: (1) identify the level of teachers’ perceptions towards human resource management, (2) identify the level of teachers’ perceptions towards school climate, and (3) determine the significant relationship between teachers’ perceptions towards human resource management and school climate at Myint-Mo Education Foundation (MEF). The two theories were Human Resource Management Theory by Lunenburg & Ornstein (2008), and School Climate Model by Hoy, Tarter & Kottkamp (1991). The research designed the quantitative method. The Means and Standard Deviations, and The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient were utilized to analyze the data for hypothesis testing by distributing 30 question items in HRM and 30 question items in school climate for investigating the objectives of the study. From the research findings, r value was .403, with significant by Pearson correlation of .003. The study showed that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ perceptions towards human resource management and school climate at Myint-Mo Education Foundation (MEF), Myanmar.
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ItemA comparative study of teachers' perception towards principal's leadership behavior according to their demographics at Pitaka Buddhist Monastic Educational Isntitute, Shan state, Union of MyanmarThis study attempted to demonstrate and compare the teachers’ perception towards principal’s leadership behavior according to their demographic profile at Pitaka Buddhist Monastic Educational Institute (PBMEI). The total participants were 54 monk-teachers involvement and distributed from Buddhist Institute in academic year of 2018. The revised two parts questionnaire were used as a research instrumental tool to meet the research objectives. Questionnaire part one was the demographic profile and the questionnaire part two was path-goal leadership behavior adopted by Indvik (1985). Four styles of path-goal leadership theory such as supportive, directive, participative, achievement-oriented was developed by House (1971) and used as a main theory framework to investigate the principal's leadership behavior. The data analysis used the frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, and One-way ANOVA. Regarding to the results found, principal perceived as neutral level of leadership style, neither reward nor intervention consistently related medium to principal behavior by teachers' perspective. Thus, this study confirmed that there were no statistically significant differences of teachers’ perception towards principal's leadership behavior according to their demographics profile.
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ItemThe relationship between motivation and perceived parental encouragement for learning English as a foreign language with English achievement of Grades 6 to 8 students at St. John's Private School, Pathein, MyanmarThe purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between motivation and perceived parental encouragement for learning English as a foreign language with English achievement of Grades 6 to 8 students at St. John's Private School, Pathein, Myanmar. The study was quantitative study, and motivation questionnaire was used to collected data from 157 students in academic year 2018-2019 at St. John’s Private School, Pathein, Myanmar. For English achievement test, Grades 6 to 8 monthly test was used in this study. Means, standard deviations, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that students’ motivation for learning English as a foreign language was interpreted as very high, and perceived parental encouragement for learning English as a foreign language was very high as well.
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ItemA study of adult learners' attitudes towards native and non-native Chinese speaking teachers according to their learning levels in a Chinese language academy in Bangkok ThailandThis study focused on adult learners’ attitudes towards native and non-native Chinese speaking teachers at a Chinese language academy in Bangkok, Thailand. One hundred and twenty-four adult learners from three different learning levels of this Chinese language academy participated in this study in August 2018. The study used a questionnaire to investigate adult learners’ attitudes towards native and non-native Chinese speaking teachers from three aspects: motivation, communication, teaching and learning. This study had two objectives. The first objective was to determine the level of attitudes of adult learners towards native and non-native Chinese speaking teachers in a Chinese language academy in Bangkok, Thailand. The second objective was to find out whether there was a significant difference between the attitudes of adult learners towards native and non-native Chinese speaking teachers according to their learning levels in a Chinese language academy in Bangkok, Thailand. The quantitative data acquired from the study showed that the adult learners from this Chinese language academy in Bangkok, Thailand, had no preference for either native Chinese-speaking teacher or non-native Chinese-speaking teacher, no matter if they were from beginning level, intermediate level or advanced level. An one-way ANOVA showed that attitudes of adult learners from different learning levels towards native and non-native Chinese speaking teachers were not significantly different. The study concluded with recommendations for adult Chinese language learners, native and non-native teachers and future researchers.
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ItemA study of teachers' perceptions towards interpersonal relationship and working environment with their demographic profile at Roong Aroon School, ThailandThe purpose of this research was mainly to study and compare teachers’ perception towards interpersonal relationship and working environment according to their demographic profiles, as well as to determine the relationship of teachers’ perception towards interpersonal relationship and working environment at Roong Aroon School, Thailand. All the teachers working at the selected school at different levels during the academic year 2018-2019 were used as participants. The research instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The collected data from the survey were analyzed by Descriptive Statistics, Frequency and Percentage, Mean and Standard Deviation, Independent samples t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The study results showed that the level of teachers’ perception towards interpersonal relationship and working environment was high. No statistical significant differences in the teachers’ perceptions towards interpersonal relationship and working environment according to their demographic profiles were found. However, the study revealed that there was a significant relationship between interpersonal relationship and working environment. Based on the results, it was recommended that the teachers take time observing each other to improve their expertise at their job.
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ItemThe relationship between students' perception towards their own character strengths and their academic achievement at science-based technology Vocational College-Chonburi, ThailandThe main purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between students' perception towards their own character strengths and their academic achievement at Science-Based Technology Vocational College – Chonburi. The study was based on the PERMA Theory (positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning and achievement) and the 21st century skills, and instrument is in line with the survey of character strengths as that used by VIA Survey of Character Strengths which is psychometrically validated personality test that measures an individual’s character strengths. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient test were used to examine the objectives of the study. It was found that students have unequal amounts of moderate and high perceptions of their strengths. The strength of teamwork scored the highest while leadership had the lowest. Out of the ten character strengths surveyed, two character strengths scored moderate (1) perseverance and (2) leadership while eight strengths were interpreted as high namely zest, self-regulation, social-intelligence, teamwork, gratitude, creativity, curiosity, and open-mindedness. Students’ academic achievement in terms of their GPA was found very high. As to the correlation between students' perception towards character strengths and their academic achievement, it was found that there was no significant relationship. Based on the findings, future research should include more questions which surveyed the strengths to reveal additional data and more comparisons.
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ItemExistential therapy in intercultural Western-Thai therapeutic relationshipsThe purpose of this study was to identify specific challenges that Thai clients may experience in the psychotherapeutic process, and identify ways to overcome those barriers using existentialist therapy. Research questions were: 1. Is existential psychotherapy effective with Thai clients to assist them with mental health issues? 2. What challenges arise in the psychotherapeutic process when a Western therapist works with a Thai client, and what strategies can overcome those challenges? 3. How can the therapist help develop the Thai client’s sense of self-awareness, so the client continues to examine their life on their own, ultimately leading to no longer needing professional therapy? The study was a qualitative, multiple-case, narrative inquiry conducted in Thailand with Thai participants and a U.S. researcher. Participants were three Thai female university students at a liberal arts university. Data collection consisted of recording individual participant psychotherapeutic sessions supplemented with therapist notes of those sessions. Analysis involved a search for categorical themes that united the therapeutic experiences of these individuals. The results of the case studies showed significant themes from the existential therapy in terms of the need to establish trust, work with the initial lack of knowledge about therapy, identify and deal with specific challenges facing Western therapists working with Thai clients, and reveal the depth of existential understanding. It was concluded that existential therapy is useful in assisting Thai clients gain greater holistic healing from traumatic experiences.
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ItemThe relationship between teachers' perception towards school climate and their decision-making styles at a primary school in Anning District, Lanzhou city, ChinaThe main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between teachers’ perception towards school climate and their decision-making styles at a selected primary school in Anning District, Lanzhou city, China. The study firstly assessed the teachers’ perception towards school climate, examined the teachers’ decision-making styles; lastly tested the relationship between these two main variables. A total of 71 full-time teachers replied the questionnaires adopted by the researcher. Means and Standard Deviations were used to report the teachers’ perception towards school climate and their decision-making styles; Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient analysis was applied to test the relationship between these two variables. The results showed that, the teachers in the target school had a relatively positive attitude towards school climate. Besides, teachers’ most preferred decision-making style was group decision-making style. The Pearson Correlation test indicated that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ perception towards school climate and their decision-making styles at the selected primary school in Anning District, Lanzhou city, China.
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ItemA study of the relationship between teachers' leadership capacity and their decision-making styles in a secondary vocational school in Changsha, ChinaThe main purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between teachers’ perception towards leadership capacity and their decisionmaking styles in a secondary vocational school in Changsha during the academic year 2018-2019. A total of 95 teachers from a secondary vocational school in Changsha were surveyed in this study. The main source of the data was questionnaire that investigated teacher’s perception towards their leadership capacities and their decision-making styles. The collected data were analyzed by using the descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The study found that teachers’ leadership capacities from secondary vocational school were perceived as needed in this school, and there was a significant relationship between teachers' perceived leadership capacities and their decision-making styles in a secondary vocational school in Changsha, China.
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ItemThe influence of self-concept on resilience being mediated by self-compassion and compassion for others among Thai adolescentsThis investigation attempted to examine the influence of selfconcept on resilience being mediated by self-compassion and compassion for others among Thai adolescents. Study I was conducted to translate into Thai language and test the construct validity and reliability of the following research instruments: Adolescents’ Self-Concept Short Scale (ASCSS), Child & Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), and Compassionate Love for Humanity Scale (CLHS). Data for Study I were collected from 500 Thai adolescents in the Bangkok area. Study II tested for the best-fit model of the causal relationship between self-concept and resilience, being mediated by the factors of self-compassion and compassion for others. Data for Study II were collected from 503 Thai adolescents in the Bangkok area. A self-administered survey questionnaire in Thai was employed for data collection which consisted of the following parts: a researcher-constructed set of questions to elicit demographic information, the ASCSS to measure the level of positive self-concept, the CYRM to measure the level of resilience, the SCS to measure the level of self-compassion, and the CLHS to measure the level of compassion for others. The results of Study I confirmed that ten items from the ASCSS, eight items from the CYRM, and two items from the CLHS should be eliminated. In terms of component, the original scale of ASCSS was consisted of six dimensions while in this study, five dimensions were established. The original scale of CYRM consists of three subscales, however, in this study, six components were identified. For the SCS, the original scale consisted of six dimensions, whereas this study identified three dimensions. For the last scale CLHS, the scale was presented to measure a single, underlying factor. Nevertheless, in this study, four components were identified. After the EFA, the results of study I demonstrated that the Thai versions of the ASCSS, CYRM, SCS, and CLHS are psychometrically sound and, therefore, reliable and valid for use with Thai participants. In Study II, the fully identified path model demonstrated that selfconcept has positive influence on the participants’ reported level of resilience, being mediated by self-compassion, however, the results indicated that the factor of compassion for others does not function as the mediator of the two causal relationship between self-concept and resilience for this particular population of this study.
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ItemA comparative study of Grade 7 students' English reading and writing self-efficacy for learning English as a foreign language according to their academic program at Saint Dominic School, BangkokThe purpose of this study was to determine the level of English reading and English writing self-efficacy for learning English as a foreign language of Grade 7 students according to their Academic Program at Saint Dominic School, Bangkok. There were 181 students studying English as a foreign language, consisting of 53 students from Academic Program 1, 64 students from Academic Program 2, 32 students from Academic Program 3, and 32 students from Academic Program 4, in Grade 7 at Saint Dominic School, Bangkok, in the academic year 2018. This study followed a quantitative research methodology employing a questionnaire developed by Henk and Melnick (1992, 1996) composing of two parts: the Reader SelfPerception Scale used to address the level of English reading self-efficacy, and the Writer Self-Perception Scale used to address the level of English writing self-efficacy. There were three main elements included in the study: the level of English reading self-efficacy, the level of English writing self-efficacy, and the difference among Academic Program. In this study, the self-efficacy focused on English reading and English writing for learning English as a foreign language. The study found that Grade 7 students among Academic Program had high level of English reading self-efficacy, and average level of English writing self-efficacy. Furthermore, there was a significant difference both in English reading and in English writing self-efficacy among Academic Program. The study concludes with recommendations for practice and for future research.
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ItemA path model of the effects of attitudes to the internet, depression, anxiety, stress, gender, and study time on internet addiction and academic performance of undergraduate students in Kachin Region of MyanmarInternet addiction has become an increasing problem with young people these days. The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between attitudes toward the internet, depression, anxiety, stress, gender, and study time on internet addiction and academic performance in the second year students of Institute of Education and Maija Yang College in Maija Yang of Kachin Region in Myanmar. In August 2018 113 students completed a self-report survey questionnaire which included the Internet Addiction Test, DASS-21, and the Internet Attitude Scale. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict internet addiction, study time, and academic performance. Results showed that anxiety, gender, and internet attitude were significant predictors of internet addiction. The research did not find any significant predictors of study time. Gender (female) and study time were significant positive predictors of academic performance, while internet addiction was a negative predictor of academic performance (GPA). Although females reported having higher levels of internet addiction, they also had higher GPA. The findings, limitations, recommendations, and conclusion of the study were discussed accordingly.
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ItemA comparative study of teacher competence according to their demographics in Hanzhong High School of Shaanxi Province, ChinaThe main purpose of this research is to identify the level of teacher competence according to teachers’ demographics factors including age, gender, and education background in Hanzhong High School of Shaanxi Province. Five components of teacher competence are pre-instruction, presentation, student learning, learning environment and professionalism. This study used the original questionnaire by Huyen (2003) study, which was adopted it from Medley (1977). All 168 full time teachers were surveyed in this study in Hanzhong High School of Shaanxi Province in the academic year 2018. This study found that there were significant differences about teacher competence according to age and education background in Hanzhong High School of Shaanxi Province. But there is no significant difference about teacher competence according to gender. For five components of teacher competence, teachers got the highest score in professionalism, but teachers have some problems in presentation.
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ItemA model for the development of leadership characteristics for Taiwanese School PrincipalsThis research mainly aimed to study Taiwanese principals’ transformational leadership characteristics, compared their transformational leadership according to their age, gender, the education level, the years of experience and propose a transformational leadership characteristics model for developing transformational leaders for schools in the future. Principals from 350 schools in Taiwan received the Survey of Transformational Leadership (STL). The findings showed a significant difference of school principals’ transformational leadership characteristics according to their years of experiences. Principals who have only above 16 years of being a school principal have shown a significant difference of transformational leadership compared with those who have 6-10 years of experience. By using MultipleRegression test, the research found that at significance .05 level, results also indicated the significant multiple correlations were .856 with the multiple coefficient of determination R Square= .732 or 73.2% of school principals’ performance could be explained by the prediction equation from the combined predictors, i.e.: Taiwanese School Principals’ Performances = .372 Integrity +.234 Develops Others + .230 Demonstrates Innovation + .179 Task Delegation + -.066 Expects Excellence + -.041 Sensible Risk + .035 Inspirational Motivation + .025 Encourages Innovation + -004 Supports Others (in standard score form). Based on these findings, the researcher provided discussion and recommendations.
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ItemA comparative study of Grades 10 and 11 students' beliefs towards teacher-centered and learner-centered approaches in English as a foreign language class at Mai Ja Yang High School in Kachin State, MyanmarThe purpose of conducting this study was firstly, to determine Grades 10 and 11 students’ beliefs towards English as a foreign language class at Mai Ja Yang High School in Kachin State, Myanmar. Secondly, to determine whether there were significant differences in Grade 10, Grade 11,and Grades 10 and 11 students’ beliefs towards teacher-centered and learner-centered approaches in English as a foreign language at Mai Ja Yang High School in Kachin State, Myanmar. The respondents were 120 Grade 10 students and 145 Grade 11 students (totaling 265 students) in Mai Ja Yang High School during the academic year 2018-2019. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation and by dependent samples t-test. The findings of this study indicated that in Mai Ja Yang High School Grade 10 students, on average, held neutral beliefs on teacher-centered approach in English as a foreign language class when the Grade 11 students’ beliefs towards teacher-centered approach in English as a foreign language class was positive.
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ItemThe relationship between teachers' competence and their job satisfaction at Phaung Daw Oo Monastic Education High School, in Mandalay Division, MyanmarThe main purpose of this study was to identify the level of teachers’ competence and job satisfaction at Phaung Daw Oo Monastic Education High School, in Mandalay Division, Myanmar; and also to determine whether there is significant relationship between teachers’ competence and teachers’ job satisfaction at Phaung Daw Oo Monastic Education High School, in Mandalay Division, Myanmar. A total of (150) full– time teachers from the Phaung Daw Oo Monastic Education High School, in Mandalay Division, Myanmar during the academic year of 2017 – 2018 were surveyed for this study. The design of this research was a quantitative and correlation study based on Medley (1977) teachers’ competence and Herzberg two factors motivation theory (1959) job satisfaction. The questionnaires used for this study consisted of two parts. In part one; the researcher used the questionnaire adopted from Huyen (2003) to identify the level of teachers’ competence. It contained (33) items for five dimensions. In part two, the researcher used the questionnaire adopted from King Sothina (2014) which was developed and originally used by Lester (1984) to identify the level of teachers’ job satisfaction. It contained (27) items for four dimensions. The collected data were analyzed by using the mean, standard deviation to identify the level of teachers’ competence and job satisfaction and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient to determine whether there is significant relationship between teachers’ competence and teachers’ job satisfaction at Phaung Daw Oo Monastic Education High School, in Mandalay Division, Myanmar. This research found that the level of teachers’ competence and job satisfaction was at a high level; and there was a significant relationship between teachers’ competence and teachers’ job satisfaction at Phaung Daw Oo Monastic Education High School, in Mandalay Division, Myanmar.
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ItemA correlational-comparative study of kindergarten 1 students' and their parents' perceptions of parental encouragement for learning English at Panaya Phatthanakan School, Bangkok, ThailandThis study investigated the relationship and significant differences between students’ and parents’ perceptions of parental encouragement for learning English at Panaya Phatthanakan School, Bangkok, Thailand during the 2018 academic year. The research study focused on four objectives: 1) to determine the level of Kindergarten 1 students’ perceptions of parental encouragement for learning English, 2) to determine the level of parents’ of Kindergarten 1 students’ perceptions of parental encouragement for learning English, 3) to determine if there is a significant relationship between Kindergarten 1 students’ and their parents’ perceptions of parental encouragement for learning English, and 4) to determine if there is a significant difference between Kindergarten 1 students’ and their parent’s perception of parental encouragement for learning English. The instrument used in this study was a perceptions of parental encouragement questionnaire given to 56 Kindergarten 1 students and one parent of each of the students. The research found that both students and parents had a very high level of perceptions of parental encouragement. Correlation analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the students’ and parents’ perceptions of parental encouragement for learning English. Further, the study found that there was a significant difference between Kindergarten 1 students’ and their parents’ perceptions of parental encouragement at Panaya Phatthanakan School, Bangkok, Thailand.
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ItemThe relationship study of the teachers' leadership capacity and competence at Secondary School of 1912 Dom Boaventura Same, district of Manufahi, Timor-LesteThis study mainly aimed to identify teachers’ perceptions on their leadership capacity and professional competence as well to determine the relationship between leadership capacity and professional competence at Secondary School of 1912 Dom Boaventura Same, Manufahi, Timor-Leste. The study conducted during July to August 10th, 2018 and involved 72 teachers who teach at the secondary level as population. Research questionnaire was divided into two parts. Questionnaire Part I was used to identify teachers’ perceptions on leadership capacity adopted from Lambert’s (1998), Leadership Capacity School Survey. Meanwhile, questionnaire Part II was to determine the level of their professional competence was adopted from Medley’s (1977) related to Teachers’ Competence and Teachers’ Effectiveness. Mean, Standard Deviation. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient were used in this study. The descriptive statistics results showed the levels of teachers’ perceptions on their leadership capacity and competence were high. Similarly. Pearson’s correlation coefficient proved a strong positive relationship existing between teachers’ leadership capacity and competence.
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ItemThe efficacy of integrated SFBT intervention on self-compassion, self-determination, and solution-focused mindset among high school students in Bangkok, Thailand(Assumption University Press, 2020) Pongrapee Buranasompob ; Natalie Chantagul ; Mohanan, Santhosh AyathupadyThis research was conducted to investigate the causal relationship model of how self-determination impact on solution-focused mindset of high school youths in Thailand, being mediated by self-compassion. Thai- translated instruments of the observed variables were developed and the psychometric properties were tested to measure their validity and reliability. Data from 500 high school students in Bangkok area were collected for Study I and Study II. The result from CFA analysis found all the translated instruments to be valid and reliable. In study II, the result of path model analysis showed that self-determination has both direct and indirect influence on solution-focused mindset, with the variable of self-compassion as a mediator. An experiment was conducted in study III to test the efficacy of the integrated SFBT intervention via an intervention group (n=25) vs control group (n=25). The finding showed that the designed intervention program was effective in increasing participants’ level of self-determination, self- compassion, and solution-focused mindset.