Browsing by Subject "AU Virtual International Conference Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in the Digital Era -- 2021"
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    Adoption of online classes during COVID-19: an institution’s investigation on perception & behavioral intention
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Udang, Lester Naces
    In the advent of COVID-19, there is abounding curiosity whether the shift to online classes is effective. Moreover, as to which factors affect effectiveness, would become important for policymakers, stakeholders, and administrators currently mitigating educational disruption. As for Rajamangala University of Technology, Tawan-ok (RMUTTO), factors encouraging positive perception and behavioral intention towards adoption of online classes were explored among its learners and lecturers. These factors were adopted from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT), sample responses were analyzed through the Exploratory Factor Analysis & Structural Equation Modeling; and results were shown among factor relationships. Performance Expectancy & Facilitating Conditions influenced Attitude, and Effort Expectancy & Social Influence influenced Behavioral Intention – in both groups. Performance Expectancy over Behavioral Intention and Social Influence over Attitude were especially significant among learners; while, Effort Expectancy on Attitude was particularly significant among lecturers. Also, a disconnect among Facilitating Conditions & Behavioral Intention, and surprisingly, Attitude & Behavioral Intention were shown in this study. Furthermore, their current adoption was implored. Both groups felt that the current policy was necessary, beneficial but, to an extent, not practical. Both groups believed challenges were related to paucity and capacity in running online classes. Learners specifically addressed future issues in online learning related to its effectiveness, and lecturers emphasized its equity in online teaching – if classes were to resume online much longer. Practical implications of this study in technology acceptance would contribute significantly towards better adoption of online classes during this outbreak.
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    Burmese teachers’ perceptions of collaborative instruction and sources of student motivation for learning social studies
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Nanmu, Gemma
    The purpose of this paper is to examine how middle school Social Studies teachers in five government basic education schools at Demoso Township, Kayah State, Myanmar, perceived (a) collaborative instruction, its objectives, and the roles of teachers and students in the collaborative instruction class; and (b) the sources of student motivation for learning Social Studies in relation to intrinsic goal orientation, extrinsic goal orientation, and task value. Data was mainly collected from in-depth individual semi-structured interviews with 10 middle school Social Studies teachers conveniently sampled from the target schools. From the data analysis, which was conducted using the systematic design of grounded theory, it was found that the participants perceived collaborative instruction as having three main objectives: to promote students’ sociocultural, ethical and learning behaviors; to promote students’ self-efficacy for learning Social Studies; and to promote teachers’ self-efficacy for teaching Social Studies; and the roles of teachers and students in the collaborative instruction were found to be in line with such objectives. Moreover, the sources of student motivation for learning Social Studies perceived by the participants were found to be in line with the three sources of motivation for learning identified by the value components of Pintrich and De Groot (1990). Based on these results, recommendations for Social Studies teachers, students and future researchers are provided.
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    A comparative study of Chinese teachers’ expectations of students’ development between selected public and international kindergartens
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Cai, Yingting ; Gonzalez, Orlando
    This study was aimed at comparing Kindergarten 3 teachers’ expectations of students’ development between selected public and international kindergartens in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China. Research design, data and methodology: Five public kindergartens and five international kindergartens were conveniently chosen for this study, and a total of 198 teachers (113 teachers from public and 85 teachers from international kindergartens) participated in it. Data were collected using the Teachers’ Expectations of Students’ Development Questionnaire (TESDQ), whose design was based on a questionnaire originally developed by Tremblay et al. in 2008. This research followed a comparative research design, and statistical analysis was performed using independent samples t-tests and a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: Significant differences were found between the Kindergarten 3 teachers from the selected public kindergartens and those from the selected international kindergartens, favoring the latter group that was found to have significantly higher levels of teachers’ expectations of overall students’ development, as well as of teachers’ expectations of students’ sociocognitive development, students’ motor development, and students’ literacy and numeracy development. Conclusions: The results obtained by this study indicate that being working in a particular type of kindergarten in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China, appears to have a statistical effect on the Kindergarten 3 teachers’ expectations of students’ development.
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    A comparative study of Grades 10 and 11 students’ motivation for learning English as a foreign language under gamification and teacher-centered activities at a private School in Bangkok
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Natnapa Polsan
    The purpose of the study was to compare motivation for learning English as a foreign language under gamification and teacher-centered activity of Grade 10 and Grade 11 students at a private school in Bangkok, Thailand. The study was included seven objectives and was conducted during September 2020 to August 2021. 24 of Grade 10 and 32 of Grade 11 students of the second semester in the academic year 2020 at a private school were sample of the study. Both grade level students were divided into two groups; experimental group and control group. A pre-post quasi-experimental study was conducted for eight weeks. The data were analyzed by means, dependent samples t-test, and independent samples t-test. According to the findings, there was no significant difference between Grade 10 and Grade 11 students’ motivation for learning English as a foreign language under gamification activity and teacher-centered activity at a significant level of .05. From the eight weeks of the experiment with two different activities, the students who participated in experimental group which participate in class that used gamification activity were not significantly different compared to the students who participated in control group which participate in class that used teacher-centered activity.
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    The correlational of Chinese junior hight school students’ motivation, attitudes toward the learning situation with English as a foreign language academic achievement
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Lin, Yanqiu ; Lynch, Richard
    The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine whether there was a significant relationship between Grade 9 students’ motivation and attitudes toward the learning situation for learning English as a foreign language with English academic achievement at a private school in China. A total of 110 Grade 9 students participated in this study. Students’ motivation and attitudes toward the learning situation for learning English as a Foreign Language Questionnaire which was adapted from Gardner’s (2004) international version of Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (Gardner, 2010) was used in this study consisting of 50 items (Gardner 2004, 2010) under five subscales. The researcher collected data from Grade 9 students studying in the 2021-2022 academic year at a private school in China. For the analysis of the collected data, descriptive statistics, and correlational analysis (using multiple correlation coefficient) was used. The findings of the research indicated that there was a weak correlation among the students’ motivation and attitudes toward the learning situation for learning EFL with English academic achievement. Based on the findings, the researcher provides recommendations for students, teachers, school administrators, future researchers.
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    A correlational study of motivation and language anxiety for learning Chinese as a foreign language with Chinese academic achievement of Thai Grade 6 students
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Zheng, Ying ; Lynch, Richard
    The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine whether there was a significant relationship among Motivation and Language Anxiety with academic achievement for Learning Chinese as a Foreign Language of 164Grade 6students from a Thai government school in Trang, Thailand. The Motivation and Language Anxiety for Learning Chinese as a Foreign Language Questionnaire was used to collect data. The survey questionnaire was adapted from Gardner’s Attitude/Motivation Test Battery. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations) and multiple correlational analysis were used to analyze the data. The study findsings indicated a significantrelationship among the target variables -motivation and language anxiety for learning Chinese as a foreign language with Chinese academic achievement. Specifically, the research findings indicated that Grade 6students displayed a slightly low level of motivation and a slightly low level of language anxiety for learning Chinese as a foreign language. The research found that there was very weak relationship between Grade 6students’ motivation and their language anxiety for learning Chinese as a foreign language with Chinese academic achievement.
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    A correlational-comparative study of burmese high school students’ motivation and academic achievement in English as a foreign language class
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Mu, Bu ; Gonzalez, Orlando
    The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine whether there was a significant relationship between motivation for learning English as a foreign language (EFL) and English academic achievement, and a significant difference in motivation for learning EFL, in terms of motivational intensity, desire to learn English, and attitudes toward learning English, between Grades 10 and 11 students at Mungmyit Sinli IDPs High School, Kachin State, Myanmar. A total of 225 students participated in this study. Motivation-related data were gathered through administering a survey questionnaire adapted from the international version of Gardner’s (2010) Attitude/Motivation Test Battery, while the English students’ monthly test scores were considered to measure participants’ English academic achievement. From the statistical analysis of the collected data, it was found that there was no significant relationship between Grade 10 students’ motivational intensity and desire to learn for learning EFL with their English academic achievement, while their attitudes toward learning English were found to have a significantly weak relationship with their English academic achievement. On the other hand, the results revealed that there was no significant relationship between Grade 11 students’ motivational intensity, desire to learn English and attitudes toward learning English with their English academic achievement. Besides, it was also found that there was a significant difference in motivational intensity between Grade 10 and Grade 11 students, while no significant difference was found in their desire to learn English and attitudes toward learning English. Based on these findings, recommendations for teachers, students, school administrators and future researchers are provided.
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    Development of a model of technology integration at a K-12 level
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Rejepov, Amangeldi ; Thanawan Phongsatha
    There is no doubt that the way people live, interact, communicate, and conduct business changes dramatically. This change is known as the "digital revolution," which refers to the progression of technology from analogue, electrical, and mechanical tools to the digital tools accessible today. Furthermore, technology has begun to alter education, influencing how learners gain the skill sets required to prepare for future education and a profession and how educators use digital technological instructional strategies to educate. Various studies have been published that address the challenges to technology integration and, of course, the efficacy of technology in the classroom. This research attempts to develop a method to comprehend the influence of technology integration on educators' teaching performance at a private K-12 school in Hanoi City. The respondents of this study consist of fifty (50) educators who apply educational technology in their teaching. The findings revealed that all with the teaching performance measured, educators were described as very satisfactory. The study's results demonstrated that technology integration had a considerable influence on teaching performance. It is suggested that School Leaders continue to offer programs, seminars, and training workshops on technology integration to improve educators' performance.
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    The effect of computer-assisted phonics games on Thai Kindergarten students’ listening proficiency and English Phonics achievement
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Rachanee Srimanothip ; Gonzalez, Orlando
    This study was aimed at comparing the Kindergarten 2 students’ listening proficiency and English Phonics achievement before and after using computer-assisted phonics games in English Phonics class at an international school in Bangkok during the academic year 2020-2021. This research followed a one group pre-test post-test pre-experimental research design. One conveniently chosen class of 13 Kindergarten 2 students participated in this 8-week study. An instructional intervention was implemented in English Phonics class two sessions per week and 40 minutes per session. Statistical data analysis indicated that the difference between participants’ listening proficiency before and after using computer-assisted phonics games in English Phonics class was significant, favoring the latter condition. Moreover, the participants’ listening proficiency improved from good before using computer-assisted phonics games, to excellent after using such games. It was also found that there was a significant difference in participants’ English Phonics achievement before and after using computer-assisted phonics games in English Phonics class, favoring the latter condition. Results from the data analysis also showed that Kindergarten 2 students’ English Phonics achievement improved from a recommendation for English Phonics class support before using computer-assisted phonics games, to an excellent achievement after using such games. Based on the research findings, recommendations for students, teachers, administrators, curriculum developers and future researchers are provided.
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    English teaching and learning problems in the general program of Bangbowitthayakhom School, Thailand
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Haranee Supasan
    This research was conducted at Bangbowitthayakhom School, Thailand, and aimed to investigate teachers and students' English language teaching and learning problems in the General Program as well as find feasible measures to solve the problems. A mixed research design was used to process the data collection and data analysis. There were three instruments applied in this study. (1) the 5 Likert scale questionnaire was administered to 275 students in the General Program by randomly selected one room per one level ranging from Mathayom 1-.6 and (2) the 5 Likert scale questionnaire was administered to 24 teachers from the Foreign Language Department. Additionally, (3) the semi-structured interview was performed by four teachers. The data was analyzed by percentages, means, and standard deviation of the questionnaire. The data from the interview was transcribed, categorized, and described. The study’s results revealed that students agreed at a high level with the problems about themselves. The list of the top three statements was: (1) students lack opportunities of using English outside the class, (2) students think in Thai first before they translate it into English, as well as (3) students want to study with native speakers of English more than Thai teacher respectively. The results from teachers' questionnaires showed that teachers agreed on a high level with problems involving students too. They mostly agreed that students thought in Thai first before they translated it into English. However, problems involving curricula and textbooks and other factors related to English language teaching were agreed to a moderate level. Lastly, problems involving teachers and assessment were at a low level. Despite this, teachers found feasible measures: game-based learning, and the flipped classroom method, and used student-centered approach to successfully solve problems. The teachers also recommend that the program should incorporate more opportunities for teacher development seminars. They believed these seminars would keep teachers up to date on the latest education techniques being used.
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    Factors affecting consideration to switching from condominium to townhome for high class market in Bangkok area during COVID-19 pandemic
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Bavornvit Bangthamai ; Pongthon Duangoubpama ; Nuttawan Rukkachantarakul ; Rawin Vongurai ; Piya Hirunwat
    Housing estates such as detached houses, townhouses and townhomes. have become more and more marketable lately, and the popularity of condominiums has declined from COVID-19 pandemic. The keys to success of both townhomes and condominiums in this situation are attracting new consumers and retaining the existing ones. The main purpose of this study is to inspect three categories of antecedents for condominiums consumers’ switching intention: push (i.e. satiation), pull (i.e. perceived value) and mooring (i.e. subjective environmental characteristics) factors using push–pull–mooring (PPM) model. Design/Methodology/Approach: High class townhomes has been selected as the research context. An online survey was proceeded to inspect the proposed research model and hypotheses. The data were collected from 478 respondents living and/or working in Bangkok, who have monthly family income at 150,000 Thai Baht and above by using convenience sampling and snowball sampling method. This study applied the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to certify the goodness-of-fit of the model and hypothesis testing. Findings: The outcomes revealed that among the push factors satiation with amenity has the highest significant impact on subjective environmental characteristics, followed by satiation with decoration. While among pull factors hedonic value has the highest significant impact on subjective environmental characteristics, followed by perceived privacy and security. As well as subjective environmental characteristics has significantly impact on switching intention. Originality/Value: To contribute a comprehensive understanding of consumers’ switching intention, the researcher used PPM model to construct the research framework. This study enhances the understanding of consumer’s switching intention by locating the push and pull factors based on the differences elements between condominiums and townhomes in correspondence to subjective environmental characteristics.
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    Factors affecting customer decision making on “Chapter” E-Publication purchase in Thailand
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Thitaporn Kunamart ; Preecha Methavasaraphak
    While physical book industry is declining, E-Publication industry is developing. New format of E-Publication is out in the form of Chapter E-Publication. However, with limited capital, it should be considered whether investing in Chapter E-Publication platform would be wiser, or other traditional platforms should be pursued. This research aimed to discover the factors affecting customer decision making on Chapter E-Publication, as well as whether customers would considered repurchase the same story in different formats in Thailand. Using quantitative surveys from 396 respondents who experienced purchasing Chapter E-Publication who lived in Thailand, descriptive, correlation, and regression analyses were done. From the analysis, the researcher found that there were five factors that affected the purchase decision of Chapter E-Publication, which are Price, Perceived Ease of Use, Customer Review, Trust, and Perceived Usefulness, respectively. The result could be explained that 71.2% (R2 = .712) of the variation affect in purchase decision of the Chapter E-Publication. In addition, people also had tendency to purchase another format of the publication for the collection purpose. Few recommendations were made for publisher and platform owners to take into consideration for way to survive and maintain long-term sustainability with the customers.
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    Factors influencing college students' choice of takeout vendors–study in Chengdu, China
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Qiu, Jun ; Kim, Seongdok
    In today's increasingly fierce competition in the catering industry, the takeout industry also develops rapidly. More and more catering enterprises begin to pay attention to catering delivery. According to the delivery data show that some vendors sell more takeout food than they do in brick-and-mortar stores. Takeout greatly meets the needs of college students, who therefore become the mainstream group in the takeout industry in China. At present, there are various forms in the takeout market, so it is particularly important to study the factors affecting college students' choice of takeout vendors.Based on the Theory of Consumer Behavior and Technology Acceptance Model and previous research review,four factors are identified which are User Review,Price,Delivery Time,and Business Service that influence college students' consumption behavior.Target population is Chinese college students in Chengdu city, China.384 survey questionnaire were collected via online using convenience and snowball sampling.Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were utilized to describe demographic characteristics and do hypotheses testing. The results showed that user reviews, delivery time, and business service selection had significant effects.According to the research model and conclusion, suggestions are put forward for the development of takeout vendors in college students' market.
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    Factors influencing generation Y investors when choosing a broker firm
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Kamonchanok Pipatvanit
    This research examined the factors influencing generation Y investors when choosing a broker firm of generation Y in Bangkok. The researcher used the multiple linear regression and the Pearson correlation coefficient for statistical tests to test the relationship and differences between dependent and independent variables. Therefore, the research used questionnaires to collect data from generation Y investors. A total of 290 generation Y investors were collected as the sample of the study. There are two variables considered, the dependent variable is generation Y investor’s decision and the independent variables are credibility, reliability, understanding clients, scale of the firm, and service offers. The results of Multiple linear regression analysis showed that these four factors, credibility, reliability, understanding clients, service offers has a statistically significant influence towards generation Y investor’s decision. They are indicated that credibility, reliability, and understanding of clients are significant whereas scale of the firm is not significant. Lastly, the results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a statistically significant correlation between these four factors, credibility, reliability, understanding clients, scale of the firm and selecting a brokerage. Then, there is a relationship between and selecting a brokerage firm. However, there is no relationship between scale of the firm and selecting a brokerage firm.
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    The impact of political events and Covid-19 pandemic on return volatilities of 3 sectors in the stock exchange of Thailand during 2019 to 2021
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Samitanan Dumdoung ; Witsaroot Pariyaprasert ; Nawaporn Vimolphattanatham
    The objective of this paper is to study the impact of political events and Covid-19 pandemic on return volatilities of the sectorial stock market in Thailand. The researcher specifically used ARMA model for main equation and one EGARCH model for the volatility equation. This model is applied to the daily returns relevant to three selected sector indexes of stock exchange of Thailand from 25 March 2019 to 24 March 2021. To test the effect of political events and Covid-19 on banking sectors, consumer product sectors, and service sectors indexes stock market return volatility. The results show that both political events and Covid-19 pandemic have significantly affected on return volatility of the selected sector indexes. However, the return volatilities of Service sector are not affected by Covid-19 pandemic. Results show that political events and Covid-19 pandemic significant effect on return volatility of Bank sector index continuously 3 days of the delay effects of the situations. In addition, violent protest and Thai general election have positive impact on return volatility. It refers that the stock was more volatized. The volatility of the sectorial index of consumer product was affected by Covid-19 pandemic. In part of political events, student’s protest has affected continuously 3 days. And other political events have significant effect on second and third day after the situation. Meanwhile, all of situations have negative impact, except student’s protest. Furthermore, results confirm that main three political events and Covid-19 pandemic have stronger effect on return volatility of selected sector index stock market in Thailand.
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    The long run impact of major exchange rate return volatility on sectoral stock market return volatility: a case study of financial sectors in Thailand
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Thwe, Khine Myat ; Witsaroot Pariyaprasert ; Nawaporn Vimolphattanatham
    The main objective of the study is to investigate the impact of return volatilities of major exchange rates on sectoral stock market return volatilities in Thailand. This study used daily time-series data from January 2018 to January 2021. In addition, the study applied the Autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARMA), the Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (EGARCH), the Threshold Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (TARCH), and Granger Causality analysis to measure the long-run effect of the volatilities of exchange rates to sectorial stock market indexes. The result of this study shows that the volatility of US Dollar exchange rate has strongly affected on the volatility of the banking sector index. The volatilities of EURO, Japanese Yen have a significant impact on the volatility of the Finance & Securities sector. The Insurance sector receives only impact from US dollar exchange rate volatility. Overall, most of the return volatilities of exchange rates have significant effects to Thailand’s financial sectors stock market indexes, and those exchange rate volatilities should be concerned when investors make their investment decisions.
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    Proposed E-commerce platform for unredeemed pawned items
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Rasica Kijkunasathian ; Poonphon Suesaowaluk
    This work proposes an online platform so called ePawnMart, which is designed specially for trading unredeemed pawned items to allows both the buyers and sellers to meet for accelerate the selling time, fair price of the pawned items for both side of customer and the shop owner. Research design, data and methodology: This study reviews available unredeemed pawned items selling methods, discusses main concerned areas to focus in building new e-commerce, and compare ePawnMart with the other existing platforms. The proposed system starts with the phase of system architecture, system requirements, use cases with use cases diagram, and main business flows with activity diagram. Results: Main features of the proposed platforms are discussed in detail both for buyers and sellers. Moreover, this study also proposes the user interface for both mobile app and websites of the proposed platform. This study does not include the real implementation of the proposed platform, which is recommended to be developed further in the future work. Conclusions: The proposed e-commerce platform would accelerate the growth of pawn shop industry by acting as a middleman who can help both the pawn shops (sellers) and buyers to solve their problems and get benefits.
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    The relationship between teachers’ perceptions towards principal’s transformational leadership and their organizational commitment in Yuehe Town Junior High School, China
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Chen, Jinxue
    The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between teachers’ cognition of principals’ transformational leadership and their organizational commitment in Yuehe Town Junior High School, Tongbai County, Henan Province, China. This study took 65 full-time teachers as the research object and conducted a questionnaire survey. Means and standard deviations are used to determine teachers’ cognitive level of school principals’ transformational leadership and organizational commitment, and the Pearson product correlation number is used to analyze the relationship between teachers’ perceptions towards principal’s transformational leadership and their organizational commitment. In order to analyze the relationship between the two variables, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used, the results show that the teachers of the target school hold a relatively positive attitude towards the principal’s transformational leadership, and the level of their organizational commitment was high. Pearson correlation test shows that there is a significant correlation between junior high school teachers’ cognition of principals’ transformational leadership and their organizational commitment in Yuehe Town Junior High School, Henan Province, China.
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    The relationship between working capital management and business performance in publicly listed Thai automotive companies
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Rakchanan Pradapsin
    Thailand’s automotive industry has a tendency to grow because it is a group of industries that the Thai government has continuously promoted and the main industry for the country’s export products. Therefore, companies in the automotive industry should have good working capital management. This is because it is an industry that purchases raw materials to produce products, stores finished goods for sale, and sell to both domestic and international markets. This process involves buying on credit, storing of goods, selling on credit and investing the money. These processes will affect the business performance if the company spends too much or too little time to collect receivables, stock up inventories and pay their creditors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between working capital management (WCM) and business performance of 17 companies in the automotive industry listed in The Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) by using the financial statements from 2016-2020. This study uses a quantitative method using Multiple Regression Analysis tools on panel data. Results of this study found that working capital management has a relationship with business performance in the automotive industry listed in the SET.
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    The relationship of Burmese high school students’ motivation, perception of teachers’ with self-efficacy in learning English as a foreign language
    (Bangkok : Assumption University Press, 2021) Aung, Phyo Ma Ma ; Lynch, Richard
    The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine whether there was a significant relationship between Grades 10 and 11 students’ motivation for learning English as a foreign language and perception of teachers’ effectiveness with self-efficacy for learning English as a foreign language at Mingalar Education Center Private High School, Sanchaung, Yangon, Myanmar. A total of 82 Grade 10 and 11 students participated in this study. Related data with motivation, perception toward teachers’ effectiveness and self-efficacy in learning language were gathered through administering a survey questionnaire which was adapted from the international version of Gardner’s (2004) Attitude/Motivation Test Battery and Questionnaire for English Self-efficacy were considered to measure participants’ scales. For the analysis of the collected data, descriptive statistics, and correlational analysis (using multiple correlation coefficient) was used. The findings of the research indicated that there was a significant, positive, and strong relationship between students’ motivation for learning English as a foreign language and their perception toward teachers’ effectiveness for learning English as a foreign language with self-efficacy for learning English as a foreign language. Based on the findings, the researcher provides recommendations for teachers, students, school administrators, Ministry of Education (Myanmar) and future researchers.