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Item Covid-19: factors that impact on employee performance when working from home(2022) Thitaporn Kunamart; Mai, Le Thi AnhIn the time of Covid-19 pandemic period, working from home (WFH) has proven an effective countermeasure overcome the spread of disease, while enable the business continuation. The purpose of this study was to identify the motivation factors that impact the performance of employees while working at home during the pandemic.Method/Approach: The in-depth interview was conducted with 10 respondents from three countries (Thailand, Japan and Vietnam) of different age, educational level, geography, and occupation, who have more than a year of experience switching between working from home and working in an office Findings: Environment, time management, and reward are the major factors that have a significant influence on working performance; additionally, labor intensity and job security are the variables that have the weakest relationship with employee performance when working from home respectively. The researchers also gave several implications to enhance employee performance for both organizations and workers based on the study results.Item Measuring Efficacy of an Online Reading Literacy Program in English- A New Conceptual Framework(Language Acquisition eJournal, 2021-02-01) Sheeba Jojo; Varughese Kizhakkacharuvil JohnThe objective of this study is to develop a conceptual framework for testing the efficacy of an online reading program, namely, ‘Literacy Pro’ which was developed by Scholastic Corporation in the US to improve the English reading and comprehension skill of students. The conceptual framework that is developed will also measure the impact of students’ performance in international English proficiency exams, such as PISA, PIRLS, TIMSS, and ASSET after they have participated in the online reading literacy program. It is the accurate and timely identification of the students ‘at-risk’ in reading difficulties so that additional instructions or interventions can be provided. From the measurement perspective, effective screening tools demonstrated high levels of sensitivity in identifying those students who will actually encounter reading difficulties, as well as high levels of specificity in the accurate identification of those students who are not likely to demonstrate reading difficulties. A research instrument is adapted to explore the reading strategies used by the students and recommended by the teachers. Effective reading strategy involves self-directed control of the learning process inside and outside the classroom.Item Impact of Perceived Usefulness on Attitude of members for having Christian Church’s website in Thailand - A Moderated Mediation Model(Web Technology eJournal, 2020) Adams, Harold; John, Varughese KizhakkacharuvilThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the online presence of Christian churches in Thailand, and to test the influence of perceived usefulness of Church’s website on the attitude of members to have or improve the website. A sample survey was conducted throughout the Kingdom of Thailand from July 2019 to February 2020 and data were collected from 400 churches without discriminating the online presence or not. Finally, the data set of 177 churches, comprising 335 respondents, having online presence were used for analysis. The theoretical base for the study was the Technology Acceptance Model with its modified version (TAM-2) and the data were tested in a hypothetical model, called, Moderated Mediation Model. The results of analysis showed that model is statistically significant for the data. It has been estimated that 51 to 61 percent of the Christian churches in Thailand did not have any kind online presence and 90 percent of the respondents opined that Church’s website is essential for them and 80 percent demanded for an improvement of the existing website. The effect of moderating variable, perceived ease of use of internet on perceived usefulness, increases as the level raises and that has a significant influence on the mediating variable behavioral intention to use the website. The focal predictor variable ‘Perceived usefulness’ has significant direct influence on the predicted variable ‘Attitude’ at 1 percent level, and, the mediating variable ‘Behavioral intention’ has significant direct influence on the predicted variable ‘Attitude’ at less than 1 percent level.Item Impact of B2C e-Commerce on small retailers in Thailand: An investigation into Profitability, Operating efficiency, and Employment generation.(eBUSINESS & eCOMMERCE eJOURNAL, 2019-01-18) Varughese Kizhakkacharuvil John; Nithiphong VikitsetThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the economic and social impacts of business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce in the small retail sector of certain commodities in Thailand. A primary sample survey was conducted for the collection of data from the north, northeast, central and southern regions of the country during the months of January to March 2018. The data were collected from small retail outlets of books and magazines, cosmetics, mobile, and laptop who have adopted online sales with physical shop, and doing exclusively offline sales. The total sample size of the study was 1462 units. The results revealed that adoption of online sales in retailing by small retailers could raise their profitability in the short-term, medium-term, and long-term periods. However, the operating efficiency of the firms measured in terms of operating expenses and their social impact calculated by new employment generation and increased employee compensation were not laudable in Thailand on their transformation from brick-and-mortar to click-and-mortar stores. Another important observation of the study is that the non-adoption of online sales is highly prevalent in the small enterprise segment of retailing in Thailand.Item The B2C e-commerce index of Thailand- A paradox of online penetration(Social Science Research Network, 2018-10-28) Varughese Kizhakkacharuvil JohnThe present study is an investigation into the penetration of business-to-consumer ecommerce in Thailand. The study has been conducted by a field survey among the consumers by questionnaire method and collected samples from regular online and regular offline shoppers in the country. The total sample size was 1535 units collected from the north, northeastern, central and southern regions of the country. The findings of the study revealed that penetration of online shopping is 15 percent with an estimated range of 13 to 17 percent for the entire population, and it is higher in central and northeastern regions but lower in north and southern regions. The important observation in the study is that there is very low penetration of online shopping in Thailand due to the lack of trust in online traders and non-confidence in online payments.Item 'A study on IT employees responses to motivational practices in IT companies'(NIDA Development Journal, 2017-10) Varughese K. John; Rejoice ThomasInformation Technology (IT) industry is one of the fastest growing industries in India as elsewhere in the world. It has made its mark in the international markets. IT employees have contributed a great deal to this success story. Motivation is the driving force behind the quality output. The present study attempts to understand the motivational practices of IT industry in the city of Bangalore which is the hub in supply of IT products all over the globe. 510 software employees from 36 companies are surveyed. The data was analyzed using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. Statistical techniques adopted are descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, multivariate analysis and others. Among other things the study finds that the software engineers agree / strongly agree that Clean Work Place, Autonomy and Promotion, Safety & Grievance Handling, Reputation for Job, Decision Making & Training, Manager–Subordinate Relationship, Fringe Benefits & Job Security, Employee-employee relationship & friends/relatives view, Work Life Balance & Intrinsic motivation, and Pay & Income as the motivational factors that motivates them.Item A Panel Data Model on e-Business Development of Nations(e-CASE & e-Tech Fall 2017, Seoul, S. Korea, 2017-09-05) John, Varughese Kizhakkacharuvile-Business development has become a key factor for the sustainable economic growth and development of any nation in this new era of digital revolution. This is a macro level study based on the hypothesis that the e-business development of a nation can be predicted on the basis of four independent estimators, namely, 1) Country Characteristics; 2) Business Sophistication; 3) Technological Readiness; and 4) e-Government Support. A panel data of five years (2012-2016) relating to 132 world countries were collected and analyzed. The objective of the study is to develop a panel data regression model (fixed effect) which could test the theoretical foundation that e-business development of a nation could be predicted by the above four estimators. Suitable measurement indicators are collected from reliable sources like IBRD, IMF, WEF, UNCTAD, UN e-Government Report and the Transparency International for the measurement of the variables in the study. The overall functional relationship of the model is proved statistically significant on obtaining a significant F-value at <1% level and also with a high R-square value. All the coefficients are positive and significant at 1% level and hence it is proved that country characteristics, business sophistication, technological readiness, and e-government support have strong positive association to the e-business development of a nation. The growth of e-business, of course, leads to a raise in investment in Information Communication Technology (ICT) which turned out to a raise in productivity and economic growth of a nation. In conclusion, e-Business development of a nation shall be explained as ‘the formation of a culture of innovation, sophistication, discipline, adaptation, and transformation of businesses and society at large’.