The Yalom’s ‘here-and–now’ techniques-activation and illumination is worked particularly in each session of long-term group psychotherapy. Both activation and illumination help therapist interpret, reflect, and clarify individual’s behaviors. In the premature, dropping out of group, the therapist also used both in order to do following benefits: reduce the clients’ psychological distress, increase individual’s self-esteem, and foster client’s hope in group session as well as maintain positive outcome of long-term group psychotherapy. The volunteers ...

Background: Burnout has consistently been an influential predictor of intention to leave nursing profession. Assessing nurses’ burnout is highly crucial in retaining qualified nurses and alleviating nursing shortage. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was originally developed in English and has been modified and translated into Thai. Psychometric properties of the Thai version of Copenhagen Burnout Inventory has not been investigated. Methods: The purpose of study was to examine psychometric properties of the Thai version of Copenhagen Burnout ...