Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an intervention program on knowledge and perceived self-efficacy of breast self-examination among private university female nursing students. Design and methods: One group pre-test/post-test research design was implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program for nursing students. The program was instructed to 31 nursing students in a private university by researcher. Pre- and post-tests made available ...

The Yalom’s ‘here-and–now’ techniques-activation and illumination is worked particularly in each session of long-term group psychotherapy. Both activation and illumination help therapist interpret, reflect, and clarify individual’s behaviors. In the premature, dropping out of group, the therapist also used both in order to do following benefits: reduce the clients’ psychological distress, increase individual’s self-esteem, and foster client’s hope in group session as well as maintain positive outcome of long-term group psychotherapy. The volunteers ...